Microscope is an instrument use to enlarge small image of an objects or something that can not bee seen with naked eye.
Student in the Biology Lab. Studying specimen under microscope
Types of Microscope
1) The Light Microscope: This is the types of Microscope in which Magnification is goes through the system of optical lenses using light waves.
How To Use The Light Microscope
Step; 1) Adjust the plane mirror under the stage until the light is properly center and the is well illuminated.
Step; 2) Place the tissue to be studied on a microscope slide and add a drop of moisture to keep the tissue from drying. Cover the tissue with a cover slip and place the slide on the stage. secure the slide with clips.
Step; 3) Swing the objective into position over the microscope slide.
Step; 4) Lower the objective by means of the coarse adjustment, until it is about 0.2 to 0.5 cm above the cover slip. This is the best done by viewing the operation from the slide of the microscope.
No account should you allow to the objective to touch the cover slip as there is the danger of crushing the slide and squashing the object being study.
Step; 5) Then look through the eyepiece of the microscope and turn the coarse adjustment in the opposite direction, thereby moving the objective upwards, until the object is visible. Do this very slowly.
Step; 6) Last Step, still looking through the the eyepiece use the fine adjustment to bring the object into sharp focus. Then proceed to study the object and make your diagrams.
 |
| Diagram of the Light Microscope |
2) The Bright Field Microscope: Its very important for the students to learn this type of microscope; Bright Field Microscope , because this type of microscope is and ordinary microscope that we are using in our local laboratories today, and it forms a dark image against a brighter background. Therefore the dark field microscope consists of a study of metal body and, an arm to which the remaining parts are attached.
3) The Dark Field Microscope: This microscope is used to observe living unstained and organisms as a result of of change in the way they are illuminated. A hollow core of light is focused on the specimen in such a way that unreflected and unrefracted rays not enter the objective only light that has been reflected or refracted by the image forms an image.
The field surrounding the specimen appears black while the object also is brightly illuminated.
Uses of The Dark Field Microscope
(1) its used in revealing many internal structures in large Eukaryotic organisms.
(2) its also used in the examination of unstained microorganisms suspended in fluids.
Examples wet moth and hanging drop preparation.
4) The phase- Contrast Microscope: This types of microscope is usually converts
light differences in refractive index and cell density into easily detected variation in light density. The background formed by the undeviated light is bright while the unstained objects appear dark and well defined.
Uses Of The Phase Contrast Microscope
(1) Its used to view living cells (Microbial Mobility)
(i) it determining the shape of living cells
(ii) detecting some bacterial components such as Endospores, and inclusionbodies.
(2) Its also used in studying Eukaryotic.
5) The Fluorescent Miroscope: This microscope exposes a specimen to ultraviolet, or blue light and forms an image of the object with resulting fluorescent light. Its also called incident light or reflected light microscope.
 |
| Image of the led silver Light Microscope |
The light Microscope
